Monitoring-Report-FVP-2019

IMPRINT Responsible for the content: DFHV Deutscher Fruchthandelsverband e.V. Dr. Andreas Brügger Bergweg 6 D-53225 Bonn Telephone: +49 228 91145-0 Internet: www.dfhv.de QS Qualität und Sicherheit GmbH Dr. Hermann-Josef Nienhoff Schedestr. 1-3 D-53113 Bonn Telephone: +49 228 35068-0 Internet: www.q-s.de Design: Susanne Del Din (del din design, Siegburg, Germany) Photos: Shutterstock Data basis: Analysis results from residue monitoring programmes of DFHV and QS, from October 2017 to September 2018. As of January 2019 Monitoring- Report 2019 QS Fachgesellschaft Obst-Gemüse-Kartoffeln and DFHV Deutscher Fruchthandelsverband e.V. In the current issue of the Monitoring-Report, QS and the DFHV consider for the first time the residue situation of heavy metals in fruit and vegetables: 430 samples were tested for cadmium and lead and heavy metals were de- tected in 260 samples. Among the most frequently tested products for heavy metals were celeriac, followed by car- rots, potatoes, spinach and asparagus. The top-10 analysed products, as well as the proportion of samples where cad- mium/lead were detected are shown in the following table and figure. For the first time, the Monitoring-Report 2019 examined heavy metal and fosetyl-Al residues, as well as the overall situation of multiple residues separately. In which products are cadmium and lead frequently detected? Which crops present most of the exceedances of fosetyl-Al (sum)? How does the residue situation appear in the overall data and in frequently sampled products? Our look through the loupe provides the answers. Under the microscope Multiple, heavy metal and fosetyl-Al residues Residues of heavy metals Focus on celeriac and spinach 1,814 fruit and vegetable samples were tested for fosetyl- Al /phosphonic acid. The MRL is defined as the sum para- meter of fosetyl, phosphonic acid and their salts. Residues of fosetyl or phosphonic acid were detected in 755 samples (41.6%). Sources may be plant protection products, plant strengthening products or fertilisers. An MRL exceedance was found in 65 samples (3.6%). New maximum residue levels are currently in the legislative process and had not been defined yet at the editorial closing date of this issue. Taking into account the newly proposed MRLs for soft fruits, the values currently found for blueberries, currants and gooseberries would not be exceeded. Of a total of 24,357 analysed fruit and vegetable sam- ples, 10,158 samples (42%) were free of active subs- tances. 5,136 samples (21%) presented single and 9,063 samples (37%) multiple residues ( > 2 active sub- stances/sample) (see Fig.). In the case of frequently sampled crops (apples, strawberries, tomatoes, pep- pers; see Fig.), despite the detection of multiple resi- dues, there were no unusual findings regarding the complaint rate: for apples (0.16%), strawberries (0.67%) and tomatoes (0.44%), this was considerably less than one percent. For pepper samples (1.33%) it was slightly higher, but below the overall exceedance rate of 2.6%. MRL exceedances of fosetyl-Al (sum) Pomegranate at the front with regards to number of exceedances Multiple residues in the spotlight Slightly more than one third of all samples show multiple residues Number of samples Number of active substances 10,158 (41.7%) 5,136 (21.1%) 3,490 (14.3%) 2,489 (10.2%) 1,548 (6.4%) 757 (3.1%) 779 (3.2%) 0 1 2 3 4 5 > 5 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 SITUATION MULTIPLE RESIDUES (OVERALL DATA) Number of samples in % Number of active substances 0 1 2 3 4 5 > 5 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Strawberry Apple Sweet peppers Tomato 8.1 12.9 8.6 18.8 20.7 19.3 8.9 10.8 17.3 32.7 54.3 40.2 22.1 14.1 11.9 5.4 3.9 2.4 22.6 11.2 5.4 3.4 1.4 1.7 24.7 11.1 3.8 2.2 SITUATION OF MULTIPLE RESIDUES IN APPLE, STRAWBERRY, TOMATO AND PEPPER Pomegranate Samples with detections (%) Crop Sweet Cherry Blueberry Green Beans Avocado Mango Plum Nectarine Apple Peach 0 20 40 60 80 100 83.3 67.9 53.4 45.7 44.3 44.2 30.4 28.3 28.3 27.9 Samples with exceedance (%) Crop 0 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Pomegranate Blueberry Sweet Cherry Green Beans Avocado Mango Plum Nectarine Apple Peach 11.8 7.1 7.1 4.4 3.9 2.2 1.5 1.5 DETECTION RATE OF FOSETYL / PHOSPHONIC ACID OF THE MOST FREQUENTLY ANALYSED PRODUCTS EXCEEDANCE RATE OF THE MOST FREQUENTLY ANALYSED PRODUCTS FOR FOSETYL-AL (SUM) Potatoes Samples with detection in % Crop Celeriac Asparagus Kohlrabi Carrots Spinach Cultivated mushrooms (champignon, oyster) Chanterelle Parsnip Fennel 0 20 40 60 80 100 77 50 67 100 33 100 100 38 0 29 PROPORTION OF SAMPLES WITH CADMIUM/LEAD DETECTION OF MOST FREQUENTLY ANALYSED PRODUCTS FOR CADMIUM/LEAD A total of 8 MRL exceedances (1.9%) were reported: four of them were detected for cadmium (2 times spinach, 1 time carrot, 1 time celeriac) and four for lead (3 times ce- leriac, 1 time white turnip). Crop Number of analyses cadmium/lead Celeriac 170 Carrots 34 Potatoes 24 Spinach 14 Asparagus 12 Parsnip 12 Chanterelle 8 Cultivated mushrooms (champignon, oyster) 8 Kohlrabi 8 Fennel 7